Manual forklifts, also known as manual hydraulic pallet trucks or "ground cows," are essential tools for short-distance material handling in warehouses, factories, and logistics centers. Here is a detailed introduction to their use:

I. Main Components and Functions

Handle:

Used to control the flow of hydraulic oil, enabling the operator to regulate the lifting and lowering of the forks by pushing or pulling the handle.

Hydraulic Cylinder:

The power source of the forklift, which relies on hydraulic oil to drive the piston up and down, thereby lifting or lowering the forks.

Frame:

The main structure that supports the entire forklift and bears the weight of the forklift itself and the load during operation.

Wheels:

Typically include front steering wheels and rear fixed wheels, allowing flexible maneuvering in tight spaces.

Forks:

Used to support and transport goods, often adjustable in height and width to accommodate different sizes and weights of loads.

II. Operating Steps

Pre-operation Safety Check:

Hydraulic Cylinder: Check for leaks to ensure the hydraulic system operates normally.

Wheels: Confirm they rotate freely without sticking or unusual noises.

Obstruction Removal: Clear any debris or obstacles around the wheels to prevent safety hazards.

Stop Use Immediately: If any of the above checks fail, cease use until the issue is resolved and rechecked for safety.

Lifting (Pressurization):

Place the control handle in the "down" position and press the direction lever to activate the lifting mechanism.

Ensure the load weight does not exceed the forklift's rated capacity.

Transporting:

Once the load is lifted off the ground, adjust the control handle to the neutral position to enter transport mode.

Maintain a stable speed (no faster than 3 km/h, slower when turning) and avoid sudden acceleration or deceleration.

Lowering (Depressurization):

Upon reaching the destination, move the control handle to the "up" position to gradually release pressure until the load rests firmly on the ground.

Empty Operation:

When moving the forklift without a load, slightly lift the forks to prevent the front axle support from touching the ground and causing wear.

III. Safety Precautions

Single-Operator Rule:

Only one person should operate the forklift. If multiple people are involved, one must be designated as the commander to ensure coordination.

Load Restrictions:

Never exceed the rated load, use single forks, or engage in uneven loading.

Ensure the fork length is at least equal to the pallet length to prevent tipping.

Prohibited Actions:

Do not leave heavy loads stationary for extended periods.

Never drop goods onto the forklift from a height.

Avoid carrying unstable or loosely packaged goods unless secured by personnel.

Do not stand on the forks or use the forklift for lifting people.

Keep body parts away from mechanical lifting components, the load, and the underside of the forks during operation.

Environmental Awareness:

Do not operate on slopes or steep inclines. If unavoidable, the operator should stand to the side to prevent runaway accidents.

Avoid muddy or uneven ground to prevent collisions with people, equipment, or other objects.

Ensure clear visibility; do not operate if the view is obstructed.

Post-use Storage:

Lower the forks to the lowest position and store the forklift in a designated area when not in use.

IV. Maintenance and Inspection

Regular Lubrication:

Apply lubricant monthly to key parts such as wheel axles, seals, and roller bearings to reduce friction and ensure smooth operation.

Quarterly Inspections:

Check for loose screws, damaged welds, or bent support plates.

Tighten loose wheel axles and nuts, and replace damaged wheels to avoid unstable rotation.

Inspect the hydraulic pump and valves for leaks or unusual noises, and lubricate moving parts as needed.

Prompt Repairs:

Address any damage immediately. Do not use a faulty forklift until it is repaired or declared unfit for use.

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