The deviation of the lever chain crane during operation is the result of multiple factors working together. It needs to be systematically analyzed from four dimensions: mechanical structure, operating behavior, environmental conditions, and maintenance management. The specific reasons and typical cases are as follows:

1、 Mechanical structural defects

Track issues: Improper track laying (such as spacing deviation>10mm, elevation difference exceeding the standard, straightness exceeding the standard) or poor quality of fixed pressure plates (such as simple iron sheet pressure plates), resulting in track movement, height difference exceeding the standard, causing rail gnawing or deviation. For example, at a construction site, the height difference of the track reached 15mm, causing the crane to tilt to one side during operation, resulting in increased wheel flange wear.

Wheel and transmission system: Wheel installation deviation (such as horizontal/vertical deviation>1mm, diagonal dimension error), wheel deformation or bearing damage, as well as lack of oil in the reducer, deterioration of gear oil, coupling wear, etc., can lead to uneven walking resistance or transmission failure. If a certain enterprise suffers from long-term oil shortage in its reducer, the gears will dry and wear, causing vibration and displacement during operation.

Metal structure deformation: Overloading, welding defects, or long-term use deformation of main beams, end beams, or support legs can cause span and diagonal deviations, leading to rail gnawing. For example, if a crane with a span greater than 26m does not reserve negative tolerances, the bending of the main beam can easily lead to a positive deviation in the span, exacerbating the phenomenon of rail gnawing.

2、 Improper operational behavior

Lack of synchronization control: The difference in speed between the two sides of the drive motor, uneven braking force of the brake, or the absence of a synchronizer result in asynchronous walking speed and deviation. If a gantry crane experiences a 5% difference in motor speed, resulting in asynchronous movement on both sides, ultimately leading to rail gnawing and damage.

Operational errors: inclined pulling and lifting, improper speed control, load eccentricity (deviation of the center of gravity of the cargo from the centerline), etc., resulting in uneven wheel pressure or excessive lateral force. For example, during diagonal pulling operations, the tension of the steel wire rope causes the crane to shift to one side, increasing the risk of rail gnawing.

3、 Environmental conditions impact

Ground and road: The uneven roadbed, accumulated water or mud causing slippage, or untreated open ditches and hidden channels affecting walking stability. If a construction site experiences a risk of displacement and overturning due to loose road foundations, the crane may sink during operation.

Climate factors: high temperature causes metal expansion, low temperature causes increased viscosity of lubricating oil, excessive wind affects stability, rainy and foggy days affect visibility or lead to electrical system failures. For example, in windy weather, cranes are prone to deflection due to wind pressure and need to stop working.

Noise and vibration: High noise environments interfere with communication among operators, leading to misoperation; Vibration exacerbates mechanical component wear and affects walking accuracy.

4、 Lack of maintenance and management

Insufficient maintenance: Failure to regularly check the wear of components such as chains, gears, bearings, etc., insufficient lubrication, or failure to repair loose components in a timely manner. If a certain enterprise fails to replace a worn chain for a long time, resulting in the chain getting stuck during walking and causing deviation.

Lack of detection and correction: Failure to regularly detect parameters such as track, wheel, metal structure, etc., or failure to timely correct deviations. For example, if the track deviation exceeds the standard and is not adjusted in a timely manner, it leads to long-term rail gnawing and accelerates equipment aging.

Solution suggestion:

Mechanical optimization: using high-precision track laying, strengthening the rigidity of metal structures, installing synchronizers or correction systems (such as PLC variable frequency speed regulation+encoder feedback).

Operating standards: Develop standard operating procedures, strengthen operator training, and avoid diagonal pulling, lifting, and overspeed operations.

Environmental adaptation: Improve the working environment (such as reinforcing the roadbed, drainage treatment), stop working when the wind force is greater than level 6, and equip anti slip devices.

Maintenance management: Establish a regular inspection system, focusing on inspecting tracks, wheels, transmission systems, etc., replacing worn parts in a timely manner, and strengthening lubrication management.

Through systematic investigation and targeted improvement, the risk of walking deviation of lever chain cranes can be significantly reduced, ensuring operational safety and efficiency.

The main equipment produced by Hebei Makita: stage electric hoist, electric chian hoist, wire rope electric hoist，Hand chain hoist, lever hoist, pneumatic hoist and other lifting equipment