The working principle of the drum rope guide device (i.e. steel wire rope sleeve or rope guide) of the emulsion crane needs to be comprehensively analyzed based on its power system and mechanical structure. Its core is to use emulsion as the power medium to drive the drum to rotate through the hydraulic system, while the rope guide device ensures the orderly winding of the steel wire rope. The following is the specific working principle:

1、 Power system: emulsion driven

Emulsion pump station

The emulsion pump station is the power source of the system, consisting of an emulsion pump group and an emulsion tank. It achieves suction and discharge through a crank connecting rod mechanism (crankshaft, connecting rod, slider, plunger). When the electric motor drives the crankshaft to rotate, the plunger undergoes reciprocating motion:

Liquid suction process: The plunger moves to the left, and the volume of the cylinder increases to form a vacuum. The oil in the emulsion tank opens the suction valve under atmospheric pressure, filling the cylinder.

Drainage process: The plunger moves to the right, the cylinder volume decreases, the oil is compressed, the drainage valve is opened, and the emulsion is transported to the working surface through the main oil pipeline.

The output pressure of the pump station is generally higher than 31.5MPa, with a flow rate of 300-1350L/min and an electric motor power of 150-500kW, meeting the requirements of high load operation.

Hydraulic system transmission

The emulsion is transported through pipelines to the hydraulic motors (such as walking motors and rotating motors) of the crane, which drive the drum to rotate. The hydraulic system adopts a modular integrated structure, which is compact and lightweight. The control system is equipped with adjustable flow valves to achieve stepless speed regulation and adapt to different working conditions.

2、 Mechanical structure: drum and rope guide device cooperate

Roll structure

The drum is the core component of steel wire rope winding, and its diameter and groove spacing design must comply with standards (D ≥ 20d, where d is the diameter of the steel wire rope) to reduce friction between the steel wire rope and the drum wall. A rope groove is opened on the surface of the drum to guide the orderly winding of the steel wire rope and avoid the phenomenon of tangled ropes.

Rope guide device (rope guide)

The rope guide is fixed on one side of the drum and guides the steel wire rope into the drum groove through a pulley or guide rail structure. Its working principle includes:

Vertical guidance: Ensure that the steel wire rope moves vertically in the axial direction of the drum to prevent lateral displacement.

Radial limit: The radial runout of the steel wire rope is limited by the opening size of the rope guide to avoid groove detachment.

Synchronous movement: The rope guide moves synchronously with the rotation of the drum to maintain the relative stability of the steel wire rope and the rope groove.

Braking and Control

The crane is equipped with an electric panel to control the brake and motor. When the controller releases the "up/down" command, the electric panel supplies power to the motor and releases the brake, driving the drum to rotate. The brake locks when the motor stops to prevent the load from accidentally slipping.

3、 Explosion proof and safety design

Explosion proof medium

Emulsion, as a power medium, has flame-retardant properties and can replace traditional flammable hydraulic oil, significantly reducing the risk of fire in flammable and explosive environments such as coal mines.

structural optimization

The crane adopts a crawler design, and both the walking and rotating parts use emulsion motors. Hydraulic components such as tensioning cylinders and lifting cylinders use emulsion as the medium to avoid sparks. At the same time, the precise fit between the rope guide and the drum reduces mechanical friction, further reducing safety hazards.

4、 Typical application scenarios

Taking the crawler emulsion crane as an example, its working principle is as follows:

Startup phase: The operator sends instructions through the controller, and the electric panel supplies power to the motor. The emulsion pump station starts and delivers high-pressure emulsion to the hydraulic motor.

Drum rotation: The hydraulic motor drives the drum to rotate, and the rope guide guides the steel wire rope into the rope groove to ensure orderly winding.

Load lifting: The rotation of the drum drives the wire rope to retract and retract, achieving load lifting. The brake locks when the motor stops, ensuring safety.

Walking and Rotation: The walking motor and rotating motor are driven by emulsion to achieve the movement and steering of the crane.

The main equipment produced by Hebei Makita: stage electric hoist, electric chian hoist, wire rope electric hoist，Hand chain hoist, lever hoist, pneumatic hoist and other lifting equipment