The operation, maintenance, and upkeep of hydraulic forklifts should be systematically carried out from four aspects: daily inspection, regular maintenance, operating standards, and safety precautions. The specific points are as follows:

1、 Daily inspection and maintenance

Hydraulic system inspection

Oil level and quality: Check the hydraulic oil level daily while the machine is in a cold state to ensure it is between the upper and lower limits of the scale; Observe the color of the oil (transparent light yellow is normal, blackening or emulsification needs to be replaced).

Oil leakage investigation: Check whether there is oil leakage in the oil pipe joints, oil cylinders, oil pumps and other parts, clean up the oil stains in a timely manner, and tighten loose parts.

Smooth operation: When operating lifting, tilting, and other movements, observe whether there is any jamming, abnormal noise, or abnormal speed, which may be due to oil blockage or air entering the system, and exhaust treatment is required.

Key component inspection

Hydraulic cylinder: Confirm no leakage before pre operation to ensure normal system operation.

Wheel: Check the flexibility of rotation, remove tangled foreign objects, and prevent wear or jamming.

Fork: Check the symmetry and straightness of the fork arm to avoid operational risks caused by deformation.

Handle and valve: Ensure that the handle is not stuck, the valve operates smoothly, and regularly lubricate moving parts.

Cleaning and fastening

Wipe the surface of the equipment after daily use to maintain cleanliness.

Check whether the bolts of each component are tightened to prevent loosening and potential safety hazards.

2、 Regular maintenance plan

Short term maintenance (every 200 hours or monthly)

Clean the surface dust of the hydraulic oil radiator to ensure good heat dissipation.

Check the wear and aging of hydraulic oil pipes to avoid the risk of pipe bursting.

Clean the dust inside the distribution box and check if the contacts of the contactors and relays are burnt.

Mid term maintenance (every 500 hours or half a year)

Replace the hydraulic oil filter element (coarse filter and fine filter) to filter impurities in the oil.

Check the quality of hydraulic oil and clean the sediment at the bottom of the oil tank if necessary.

Check the thickness of the brake pads (replace when worn to 1/3 of the original thickness), and clean the dust inside the brake calipers.

Test the sealing of the brake oil pipe and check for oil leakage, aging, and cracking.

Long term maintenance (every 1000 hours or one year)

Replace the hydraulic oil completely (it is recommended to use L-HM 46 anti-wear hydraulic oil), and different brands of oil should not be mixed.

Replace the brake fluid (recommended to use DOT3 or DOT4 standard fluid) and empty the air in the oil circuit.

Check the working status of the hydraulic motor and hydraulic pump, and if necessary, have professional personnel repair and adjust them.

Thoroughly inspect the aging degree of the wiring harness and replace or re wrap the aging circuit.

3、 Operating standards

Preparation for starting

Confirm that the equipment voltage is within the normal range (electric forklift), and check if the switch and indicator lights are working properly.

The operator stands behind the vehicle, facing the control platform, turns on the power switch, and moves the forklift to the bottom of the material basket.

workflow

Pressure lifting: Place the control handle in the downward position, lightly press the directional lever to activate the pressure mechanism, ensuring that the weight of the goods does not exceed the forklift's limit.

Moving goods: After the goods are off the ground, adjust the handle to the center position and drag the goods at a constant speed (not exceeding 3km/h) to avoid running or sudden acceleration.

Unloading placement: After arriving at the destination, move the handle up to the release position and gradually release the pressure until the goods land smoothly.

Empty operation: When unloaded, lift the front end of the forklift moderately to avoid friction between the front axle support frame and the ground.

Operating skills

Use both hands to operate the handle and maintain stable pushing force and uniform speed.

Plan parking locations in advance to reduce repetitive adjustments during the parking process.

Avoid empty lifting and control the fork height to be consistent with the cargo height to improve stability.

4、 Safety precautions

Single person operation principle

Manual hydraulic forklifts can only be operated by one person, and when multiple people cooperate, a designated person in charge must be designated for unified command.

It is prohibited to carry people or slide freely on slopes to avoid inertia causing loss of control.

Load limit

Strictly adhere to load limits and prohibit overloading, unbalanced loading, or single fork operations.

The weight of the goods should be within the carrying range of the transport vehicle, and the length of the fork should cover the length of the pallet.

Environment and Path Planning

Avoid operating on inclined slopes, steep slopes, or muddy and uneven surfaces.

Reasonably plan work channels to ensure that operators can quickly enter and exit the work area.

Emergency situation handling

If the hydraulic system malfunctions (such as high oil temperature or abnormal operation), immediately shut down for maintenance.

When the brakes fail, use the handbrake to brake and slowly reduce the vehicle speed to avoid sudden braking causing rollover.

The main equipment produced by Hebei Makita: stage electric hoist, electric chian hoist, wire rope electric hoist，Hand chain hoist, lever hoist, pneumatic hoist and other lifting equipment