Pneumatic balance cranes (pneumatic hoists) in operation are prone to damage under specific operating or environmental conditions, mainly involving three core scenarios: overloading and illegal operations, gas source quality and system failures, and environmental factors and maintenance deficiencies. The following is a specific analysis:

1、 Overloading and illegal operations

Overloaded operation

Phenomenon: The rated load of the pneumatic balance crane is the safety upper limit determined during design. If it is operated for a long time or frequently beyond this value, it will cause critical components such as cylinders, wire ropes, and chains to bear excessive stress.

Consequences: The cylinder piston may deform or get stuck due to excessive pressure; Steel wire ropes or chains may break due to excessive stretching; The transmission gear may collapse due to excessive torque.

Case: Due to the temporary need to transport overweight materials, a factory operated directly without adjusting the equipment parameters, resulting in the rupture of the cylinder seal ring and causing gas source leakage.

Slant suspension and pull suspension

Phenomenon: Slanting (load deviating from the vertical direction) or pulling (forcibly dragging the load through external force) will change the direction of force on the equipment, producing lateral force components.

Consequence: The pulley system may experience eccentric wear due to lateral forces, resulting in bearing damage; The steel wire rope may break due to friction; The equipment structure may deform due to long-term uneven stress.

Case: A warehouse failed to adjust the angle of the lifting equipment during the handling of long strip materials, resulting in uneven wear of the pulley system and ultimately causing the pulley to jam.

Quick lifting and emergency stop

Phenomenon: Rapid lifting (reaching high speed in a short period of time) or emergency stop (suddenly cutting off the gas source) will generate inertial impact.

Consequence: The cylinder piston may be damaged due to impact; The brake may wear out due to frequent emergency stops; The load may sway due to inertia and collide with surrounding equipment.

Case: Due to the operator accidentally touching the emergency stop button on a certain production line, the brake friction plate overheated and the entire brake device needs to be replaced.

2、 Air source quality and system failure

Unstable gas source pressure

Phenomenon: Fluctuations in gas source pressure (such as too high or too low) can affect the stability of the pneumatic system.

Consequence: Excessive pressure may cause the cylinder seal ring to rupture; Low pressure may lead to insufficient power of the equipment, making it unable to lift properly; Frequent fluctuations may accelerate the wear of pneumatic components.

Case: A factory experienced a sudden drop in air source pressure due to a compressor malfunction, causing the pneumatic balance crane to suddenly stop during lifting and the load to fall.

Air source pollution

Phenomenon: Mixing water, oil, or impurities into the gas source can contaminate the pneumatic system.

Consequence: Moisture may cause rust on the inner wall of the cylinder; Oil stains may clog throttle valves or directional valves; Impurities may scratch the piston or cylinder walls.

Case: A certain workshop did not install a dryer, and the moisture in the air source caused corrosion on the inner wall of the cylinder, which hindered the movement of the piston.

Aging of pneumatic components

Phenomenon: Pneumatic components (such as seals, air pipes, and directional valves) may age or be damaged after long-term use.

Consequences: Aging of the sealing ring may lead to gas source leakage; Tracheal rupture may cause pressure loss in the pneumatic system; The stuck reversing valve may cause abnormal equipment operation.

Case: Due to aging sealing rings, a certain equipment was not replaced in a timely manner, resulting in a gas source leak and the equipment cannot be lifted normally.

3、 Environmental factors and maintenance deficiencies

Damp or corrosive environment

Phenomenon: When the equipment is used in damp, salt spray, or chemically corrosive environments, metal parts are prone to rusting.

Consequences: Components such as cylinders, pulleys, bearings, etc. may be damaged due to corrosion; Electrical components may fail due to short circuits.

Case: A coastal factory did not carry out anti-corrosion treatment on its equipment, resulting in rusting of the inner wall of the cylinder and obstruction of piston movement.

High or low temperature environment

Phenomenon: The use of equipment in high or low temperature environments may affect material properties.

Consequence: High temperature may cause deformation of pneumatic components or aging of sealing rings; Low temperature may cause lubricating oil to solidify and increase motion resistance.

Case: The equipment in a steel plant operates in a high-temperature environment, and the cylinder sealing ring ages prematurely, requiring frequent replacement.

Improper or missing maintenance

Phenomenon: Failure to regularly clean, lubricate, or replace vulnerable parts leads to a decrease in equipment performance.

Consequence: Dust accumulation may block the air path; Insufficient lubrication may accelerate component wear; Failure to replace vulnerable parts in a timely manner may lead to equipment failure.

Case: Due to the lack of regular cleaning of equipment in a warehouse, dust blocked the throttle valve, resulting in slow equipment operation.

The main equipment produced by Hebei Makita: stage electric hoist, electric chian hoist, wire rope electric hoist，Hand chain hoist, lever hoist, pneumatic hoist and other lifting equipment