Manual forklifts are prone to damage due to improper operation or environmental factors in the following three typical scenarios, and targeted preventive measures need to be taken:

1、 Overloading or unbalanced load operation

1. Typical scenarios

Transporting goods exceeding the rated load (such as transporting 2.5 tons of goods despite a nominal capacity of 2 tons)

The center of gravity of the goods is offset (such as one side of the fork carrying too much weight, or the goods not being placed in the center)

2. Damage mechanism

Hydraulic system overload: The hydraulic pump needs to output higher pressure, causing seals (such as O-rings) to rupture, oil pipes to burst, and even hydraulic cylinders to deform.

Failure of frame structure: Cracks appear at the welding joints of the frame, and long-term overloading can cause permanent bending of the frame.

Wheel axle damage: One side wheel hub bearing bears additional stress, accelerates wear, and may cause wheel hub fracture.

3. Preventive measures

Strictly follow the rated load (usually indicated on the vehicle nameplate), weigh and confirm the weight of the goods before use.

Ensure that the center of gravity of the goods is located between the two forks, with a deviation not exceeding 10% of the fork length.

Regularly inspect the welding seams of the frame (using an ultrasonic flaw detector every 500 hours), and stop immediately if cracks are found.

2、 Working in harsh ground environments

1. Typical scenarios

Transporting goods on uneven and gravel covered ground

Long term use in humid and corrosive environments (such as chemical workshops)

Working in high temperature (>50 ℃) or low temperature (<-10 ℃) environments

2. Damage mechanism

Increased tire wear: Gravel ground can cut through the solid rubber layer of the tire or cause the inflatable tire to burst.

Corrosion of metal components: Wet environments can cause rusting of components such as frames and chains, reducing structural strength.

The performance of hydraulic oil decreases: high temperature reduces the viscosity of hydraulic oil and deteriorates the lubrication effect; Low temperature causes oil to solidify, affecting the response speed of the hydraulic system.

3. Preventive measures

Lay steel plates or wooden boards on the gravel ground to reduce direct impact.

Clean the forklift immediately after use in a humid environment and apply rust proof oil (such as WD-40) to protect metal parts.

Choose hydraulic oil with higher viscosity (such as HM68) for high temperature environments, and low pour point hydraulic oil (such as HV46) for low temperature environments.

3、 Violation of regulations and lack of maintenance

1. Typical scenarios

Dragging the forklift before the fork is fully lowered (causing deformation of the front axle support frame)

Using a fork to strike goods or obstacles (such as forcefully pushing into gaps in shelves)

Long term non replacement of hydraulic oil (oil containing impurities after deterioration, worn hydraulic pump)

2. Damage mechanism

Structural deformation: During towing, the front axle support frame bears vertical loads, and long-term bending can lead to metal fatigue fracture.

Hydraulic system blockage: Impurities entering the hydraulic system can wear down the valve core of the hydraulic pump, leading to unstable pressure.

Chain breakage: Chains that are not regularly lubricated can elongate due to frictional heat generation, ultimately leading to breakage and injury.

3. Preventive measures

Before towing, the fork must be lowered to the lowest position (≤ 50mm above the ground) and ensure that the ground is level.

Keep the fork in contact with the goods flat during transportation to avoid impact; When adjusting the position, lift the goods before moving the forklift.

Strictly follow the maintenance cycle: replace hydraulic oil and filter element every 500 hours, lubricate the chain every 100 hours (using lithium based grease).

The main equipment produced by Hebei Makita: stage electric hoist, electric chian hoist, wire rope electric hoist，Hand chain hoist, lever hoist, pneumatic hoist and other lifting equipment