The working principle of hydraulic forklifts is based on Pascal's law and energy conversion, and the lifting, tilting, and other actions of goods are achieved through hydraulic systems. The core process can be divided into four steps: power transmission, flow control, execution of actions, and oil circuit circulation, as follows:

1、 Power transmission: mechanical energy → hydraulic energy

Engine/electric motor driven hydraulic pump: The hydraulic pump is the power source, which converts the mechanical energy of the engine or electric motor into the pressure energy of hydraulic oil (hydraulic energy). The common types of hydraulic pumps include gear pumps and plunger pumps. The former is mostly used for internal combustion forklifts, while the latter is mostly used for electric forklifts.

Hydraulic oil pressurization: The hydraulic pump sucks in and pressurizes the hydraulic oil in the oil tank through rotation or reciprocating motion, forming a high-pressure oil flow. During this process, the mechanical energy of hydraulic oil is converted into pressure energy, providing power for subsequent actions.

2、 Flow control: hydraulic energy directional distribution

Multi way control valve regulates the direction of oil flow: The multi way control valve is the "commander" of the hydraulic system, which adjusts the direction and flow of oil flow according to operating instructions (such as the movement of the lifting handle and tilting handle). For example, when the operator pushes the lifting handle, the multi way valve will open the oil circuit to the lifting cylinder while closing other oil circuits.

Including lift control valve and tilt control valve: Multi way valves usually integrate lift control valves and tilt control valves inside, which respectively control the lifting of forks and the tilting of gantry. By precisely adjusting the opening of the valve, the flow rate of the oil can be controlled, thereby controlling the speed of the actuator.

3、 Execution action: Hydraulic energy → Mechanical energy

High pressure oil driven hydraulic cylinder: After high-pressure oil enters the lifting cylinder or tilting cylinder, it pushes the piston to make linear motion. The piston movement of the lifting cylinder drives the fork to lift and lower, while the piston movement of the tilting cylinder adjusts the angle of the gantry.

Realize vertical lifting and angle adjustment: The hydraulic cylinder is the executing element, which converts the hydraulic pressure input by the hydraulic pump into mechanical energy to drive the working mechanism. Through the reciprocating motion of hydraulic cylinders, forklifts can complete operations such as loading, unloading, and stacking of goods.

4、 Oil circulation: hydraulic energy can be continuously utilized

The return valve ensures that the oil returns to the tank: After completion, the return valve opens and the oil is filtered through the filter before returning to the tank, forming a closed circuit. During this process, impurities in the oil are filtered out to ensure the cleanliness of the system.

Forming a closed loop to ensure system stability: Oil circulation is the key to the continuous operation of hydraulic systems. By continuously circulating oil, the hydraulic system can continuously transmit power while avoiding problems such as high oil temperature or oil deterioration.

The main equipment produced by Hebei Makita: stage electric hoist, electric chian hoist, wire rope electric hoist，Hand chain hoist, lever hoist, pneumatic hoist and other lifting equipment