Handling a manual forklift (often referred to as a "pallet truck" or "hand pallet truck," ) requires attention to operation, safety, and maintenance. Here’s a detailed guide on how to properly handle a manual forklift:

I. Pre-Operation Checks

Visual Inspection:

Check for any visible damage or deformation on the forklift, including the frame, forks, wheels, and hydraulic system.

Ensure that all parts are securely fastened and there are no loose bolts or nuts.

Hydraulic System Check:

Verify that the hydraulic pump is functioning properly by pumping the handle a few times to raise and lower the forks.

Check for any leaks in the hydraulic system, such as oil drips or puddles under the forklift.

Wheel Inspection:

Examine the wheels for wear, damage, or debris that may impede movement.

Ensure that the wheels rotate freely without any sticking or binding.

Brake Test:

Test the brakes to ensure they are working effectively. The forklift should stop smoothly and promptly when the brake lever is applied.

II. Safe Operation Practices

Proper Loading:

Ensure that the load is evenly distributed on the pallet and does not exceed the forklift's rated capacity.

Position the forks fully under the pallet before lifting to prevent tipping or instability.

Avoid lifting loads that are too high or too wide, as this can affect the forklift's balance and maneuverability.

Lifting and Lowering:

Use smooth, controlled movements when lifting and lowering the forks. Avoid sudden jerks or rapid movements.

Keep your feet clear of the forks and the load when operating the hydraulic pump.

Lower the forks completely to the ground when not in use to prevent accidents.

Maneuvering:

Push the forklift rather than pull it when moving loads, as this provides better control and stability.

Turn slowly and carefully, especially when carrying a load, to avoid tipping over.

Avoid sharp turns or sudden changes in direction, as these can cause the load to shift or the forklift to lose balance.

Speed Control:

Operate the forklift at a safe speed, typically no more than walking pace (around 3-5 km/h).

Adjust your speed according to the load weight, surface conditions, and visibility.

Visibility and Communication:

Maintain clear visibility of your surroundings at all times. If your view is obstructed, use a spotter or proceed with extreme caution.

Use hand signals or verbal communication to coordinate with other workers when moving loads in crowded areas.

III. Post-Operation Maintenance

Cleaning:

Clean the forklift after each use to remove dirt, debris, and spilled materials. Pay special attention to the forks, wheels, and hydraulic system.

Use a damp cloth or brush to wipe down the forklift, avoiding the use of harsh chemicals that may damage the surface.

Lubrication:

Lubricate moving parts, such as the wheels, bearings, and hydraulic pump, regularly to reduce friction and wear.

Use a suitable lubricant recommended by the manufacturer and follow the recommended lubrication schedule.

Inspection for Wear and Damage:

Regularly inspect the forklift for signs of wear, such as worn wheels, damaged forks, or leaking hydraulic components.

Replace any worn or damaged parts promptly to prevent further damage or accidents.

Storage:

Store the forklift in a dry, clean, and secure location when not in use.

Lower the forks to the ground and engage the parking brake to prevent the forklift from moving unexpectedly.

IV. Safety Precautions

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

Wear appropriate PPE, such as safety shoes, gloves, and a high-visibility vest, when operating the forklift.

Training and Certification:

Ensure that all operators are properly trained and certified to operate the forklift.

Provide regular refresher training to keep operators up-to-date on safe operating practices.

Load Stability:

Never stand on the forks or use the forklift as a makeshift lift platform.

Secure loads properly to prevent them from shifting or falling during transport.

Emergency Procedures:

Familiarize yourself with the emergency stop procedures and know how to quickly shut down the forklift in case of an emergency.

Keep a first-aid kit and fire extinguisher nearby in case of accidents or fires.

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