Full analysis of forklift product characteristics and operating specifications

1、 Key features of forklift products

Forklifts, as the core equipment for industrial handling, have characteristics that directly determine operational efficiency and safety. According to the power source, structure, and application scenarios, it is mainly divided into the following types:

Electric forklift

Power system: Powered by batteries and driven by electric motors, with no exhaust emissions and low noise, suitable for high environmental requirements such as medicine and food.

Homework efficiency: With a carrying capacity of 1.0-4.8 tons, a work channel width of 3.5-5.0 meters, and a gantry lifting speed of 0.5-0.8 meters per second, it meets the high-frequency handling requirements.

Battery life and maintenance: A single charging operation takes about 8 hours, and a backup battery is required for multi shift operation. The charging time is about 6-8 hours, and the maintenance cost is 30% -50% lower than that of internal combustion forklifts.

Internal combustion forklift

Power system: diesel, gasoline or liquefied petroleum gas engine, with a carrying capacity of over 5 tons, suitable for outdoor, dock and other heavy-duty scenarios.

Adaptability: Full load climbing slope can reach 20% -25%, unloaded driving speed is 15-25 kilometers per hour, and can operate continuously for more than 12 hours.

Maintenance cost: The engine overhaul cycle is about 5000 hours, and the fuel cost is 20% -30% higher than that of electric forklifts, but the initial procurement cost is 15% -20% lower.

Warehouse forklift

Electric pallet truck: capable of carrying 1.6-3.0 tons, with a channel width of 2.3-2.8 meters and a fork lifting height of 210mm, suitable for flat handling.

Forward moving forklift: capable of carrying 1.0-2.5 tons, with a lifting height of 11 meters and a channel width of 2.7-3.2 meters, suitable for high-level shelving operations.

Picking forklift: Low position type (within 2.5 meters) can carry 2.0-2.5 tons, medium to high position type (10 meters) can carry 1.0-1.2 tons, equipped with cab lifting function to meet order picking needs.

Fully automatic forklift

Technical configuration: Lidar, visual SLAM navigation, accuracy ± 10mm, supporting 24-hour continuous operation.

Operation mode: Integrated pallet handling, shelf access, and stacking operations, seamlessly integrated with WMS/ERP systems, increasing storage density by over 30%.

Safety performance: automatic obstacle avoidance, path optimization, emergency stop function, accident rate reduced by 70% compared to manual forklifts.

2、 Core specifications for forklift operation

1. Pre homework inspection

Vehicle status: Check the fuel/battery level, lubricating oil, and cooling water level, and confirm that the brake pressure gauge reading meets the standard (pneumatic brake train).

Safety devices: Test lighting, audio signals, seat belts, anti slip surfaces, etc. to ensure that the forklift manned platform fence and handrails are not damaged.

Accessory inspection: Confirm that the fork spacing is adjustable, and that the rotating parts, fixtures, and other accessories are securely installed without cracks or deformations.

2. Starting and Driving

Starting requirements: sound the horn to warn and confirm that there are no obstacles around; When starting the load, the goods are stable and reliable, and the door frame tilts back into place.

Driving standards:

The bottom of the fork is 300-400mm above the ground, and the rear inclination angle of the gantry is 3 ° -5 ° to avoid high-speed sharp turns (turning radius ≥ minimum turning radius+0.5 meters).

When going downhill, it is forbidden to turn off the engine and slide. The speed of the vehicle should be ≤ 5 kilometers per hour, and a safe distance of at least 5 meters should be maintained from the preceding vehicle.

It is prohibited to use forks to lift personnel for high-altitude operations, and standing under forks or attachments is strictly prohibited.

3. Loading, unloading and stacking

Loading and unloading requirements:

Adjust the distance between the forks to the width of the goods+100mm, ensuring that the load on both forks is balanced and the items are placed against the shelf.

The height of the load must not obstruct the line of sight, and if necessary, reverse the vehicle; Do not use braking inertia to slide items.

Stacking operation:

The gantry tilts forward to the level of the fork, lifting the cargo slightly above the unloading position (with an error of ≤ 50mm).

After confirming that there are no obstacles directly above the goods, slowly lower the fork and maintain a low speed (≤ 3 kilometers per hour) when retreating.

4. Parking and Storage

Temporary parking: fork landing, maximum forward tilt of door frame, shift lever in neutral, tighten handbrake, turn off engine and remove key.

Long term storage:

After the battery is fully charged, disconnect the negative pole and recharge it once a month; Adjust the tire pressure to the standard value ± 5%.

Storage environment temperature: -20 ℃ to 40 ℃, humidity ≤ 80%, avoid direct sunlight or contact with corrosive gases.

3、 Selection and scene matching suggestions

E-commerce warehouse: Priority should be given to using forward moving forklifts (with a lifting height of 11 meters) or high-level driving three-way stacking forklifts (with a channel width of 1.5-2.0 meters) to increase storage density.

Outdoor Heavy Duty: Internal Combustion Balance Forklift (capable of carrying over 5 tons) or Container Frontal Crane (capable of lifting 13-25 tons), suitable for harsh environments.

Cold chain logistics: Fully automatic forklifts (suitable for low temperatures below -20 ℃) or electric picking forklifts (with cab heating function), reducing the frequency of manual entry and exit of cold storage.

Narrow channel: pallet stacker truck (channel width 2.3-2.8 meters) or side fork fully automatic forklift (for long and narrow goods) to enhance operational flexibility.

4、 Industry Trends and Technological Innovation

New energy technology: Hydrogen fuel cell forklifts (with a range of 8-10 hours and a charging time of 3 minutes) are gradually replacing traditional lead-acid batteries, reducing carbon emissions by more than 30%.

Intelligent upgrade: 5G+AI forklifts achieve remote scheduling, automatic charging, and path optimization, increasing operational efficiency by 40% and reducing labor costs by 50%.

Strengthening safety standards: ISO 3691-5:2021 standard requires forklifts to be equipped with speed limit, stability control, operator presence detection and other systems, further reducing accident rates.

The main equipment produced by Hebei Makita: stage electric hoist, electric chian hoist, wire rope electric hoist，Hand chain hoist, lever hoist, pneumatic hoist and other lifting equipment